body {
  font-family: 'Exo', 'Noto Sans', sans-serif;
}

/* TOC Toggle Button */
.toc-toggle {
  position: fixed;
  top: 100px;
  right: 30px;
  z-index: 1001;
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 12px;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: none;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
  backdrop-filter: blur(12px) saturate(180%);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px) saturate(180%);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  color: #0775F7;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateX(10px);
}

.toc-toggle.visible {
  display: flex;
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateX(0);
}

.toc-toggle:hover {
  background: rgba(7, 117, 247, 0.12);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(7, 117, 247, 0.2);
  transform: scale(1.05);
}

.toc-toggle.active {
  background: #0775F7;
  color: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(7, 117, 247, 0.35);
}

.toc-toggle.active:hover {
  background: #d44a32;
}

/* TOC - Right side glassmorphism card */
.toc {
  font-family: 'Exo', sans-serif;
  position: fixed;
  top: 100px;
  right: 30px;
  z-index: 999;
  width: 300px;
  max-height: calc(100vh - 140px);
  overflow-y: auto;
  padding: 20px 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  /* Hidden by default */
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateX(20px);
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: opacity 0.35s ease, transform 0.35s ease;
  /* Glassmorphism */
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82);
  backdrop-filter: blur(20px) saturate(180%);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(20px) saturate(180%);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
  border-radius: 16px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08), 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
  scrollbar-width: none;
  -ms-overflow-style: none;
}

.toc::-webkit-scrollbar {
  display: none;
}

.toc.open {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateX(0);
  pointer-events: auto;
}

.toc h3 {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: #0775F7;
  margin: 0 20px 8px;
  padding: 0;
}

.toc hr {
  border: none;
  height: 1px;
  background: linear-gradient(to right, #0775F7, transparent);
  margin: 0 20px 10px;
}

.toc ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

.toc li {
  margin: 0;
}

.toc a {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #555;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 500;
  display: block;
  padding: 5px 20px;
  border-left: 3px solid transparent;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.toc a:hover {
  color: #0775F7;
  background: rgba(7, 117, 247, 0.05);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-left-color: rgba(7, 117, 247, 0.3);
}

.toc a.active {
  color: #0775F7;
  font-weight: 600;
  background: rgba(7, 117, 247, 0.08);
  border-left-color: #0775F7;
}


.dnerf {
  font-variant: small-caps;
}

.publication-title {
  font-family: 'Exo', sans-serif;
}

.publication-authors {
  font-family: 'Exo', sans-serif;
}

.publication-authors a {
  color: #2563EB !important;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.publication-authors a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.author-block {
  display: inline-block;
}

.hero-authors,
.hero-affiliations {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.35rem 1.25rem;
  color: #ffffff;
  line-height: 1.8;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}

.hero-authors {
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.6vw, 1.4rem);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.hero-affiliations {
  margin-top: 0.6rem;
  font-size: clamp(0.9rem, 1.3vw, 1.15rem);
}

.hero-authors .author-block,
.hero-affiliations .author-block {
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.hero-authors sup,
.hero-affiliations sup {
  font-size: 0.7em;
  margin: 0 0.15em;
}

/* Author names sit on the dark video hero, so the default blue link colour is
   too low-contrast there. */
.publication-authors a.author-link {
  color: #ffffff !important;
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
}

.publication-authors a.author-link:hover {
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom-color: #ffffff;
}

/* Pill buttons in the hero (Paper / arXiv / Code). */
.hero-link-button {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  margin: 0.35rem 0.4rem;
  padding: 0.6rem 1.5rem;
  border-radius: 9999px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);
  color: #ffffff !important;
  font-family: 'Exo', sans-serif;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.hero-link-button:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.24);
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.hero-link-button .icon {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

.overlay {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4); /* 40% opacity black */
z-index: 1; /* Make sure it's behind the text */
transition: opacity 1.0s;
}
  
.hero-body,
.hero-head,
.hero-foot {
  z-index: 2; /* Ensure text is above the overlay */
  transition: opacity 1.0s;
}

/* --- Video Gallery Styles (adapted from VideoMimic) --- */

/* Reduce spacing between sections */
.section {
    padding: 1.5rem 1.5rem; /* Reduced from Bulma's default 3rem 1.5rem */
}

/* Justify align text in sections */
.section p {
    text-align: justify;
}

/* Constrain section titles to align with gallery containers */
.section .container .column.is-full-width > h2.title,
.section .container > h2.title {
    max-width: 1150px; /* Match gallery container width */
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    padding-left: 20px; /* Match gallery padding */
    padding-right: 20px; /* Match gallery padding */
    white-space: nowrap; /* Prevent title from wrapping to multiple lines */
}

/* Section title styling - left accent border with subtle gradient */
.section .container .column.is-full-width > h2.title,
.section .container > h2.title {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(7, 117, 247, 0.08) 0%, rgba(7, 117, 247, 0.02) 100%) !important;
    color: #1a1a1a !important;
    display: block !important;
    padding: 14px 20px !important;
    margin-left: calc((100% - 1150px) / 2 + 20px) !important; /* Align with gallery videos */
    text-align: left !important; /* Override inline styles */
    border-left: 4px solid #0775F7 !important;
    border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0 !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em !important;
}

/* For screens smaller than 1150px, just use 20px margin */
@media (max-width: 1150px) {
    .section .container .column.is-full-width > h2.title,
    .section .container > h2.title {
        margin-left: 20px !important;
    }
}

/* Section title size override */
.section .container .column.is-full-width > h2.title.is-2,
.section .container .column.is-full-width > h2.title.is-3,
.section .container > h2.title,
.section .container .column > h2.title.is-2 {
    font-size: 1.5rem !important;
}


/* New outer wrapper for the whole section */
.video-gallery-section {
    margin-top: 0.75rem; /* Match Bulma's default .columns margin-top */
    margin-bottom: 20px; /* Reduced space below the gallery section */
    width: 100vw; /* Make the section span the full viewport width */
    position: relative; /* Establishes a positioning context, good practice with calc for margins */
    margin-left: calc((100% - 100vw) / 2); /* Calculates the negative margin to align left edge with viewport */
    box-sizing: border-box; /* Ensures padding/border don't add to the 100vw width */
}

/* Container for the scrollable videos */
.video-gallery-container {
  max-width: 1150px; /* Maximum width for large screens */
  margin-left: auto; /* Center on small screens */
  margin-right: auto; /* Center on small screens */
  padding: 0 20px; /* Add padding on sides for small screens */
  overflow-x: auto; /* Enable horizontal scrolling */
  overflow-y: hidden; /* Prevent vertical overflow */
  scroll-behavior: smooth; /* Smooth scrolling effect */
  box-sizing: border-box;
   /* Hide scrollbar */
  scrollbar-width: none; /* Firefox */
  -ms-overflow-style: none;  /* IE and Edge */
}
.video-gallery-container::-webkit-scrollbar {
  display: none; /* Chrome, Safari, Opera */
}

/* On large screens, align with section titles */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .video-gallery-container {
    margin-left: calc((100% - 1150px) / 2 + 20px);
    margin-right: 0;
    max-width: calc(1150px - 20px);
    padding: 0;
  }
}

/* The actual scrolling div holding the videos */
.video-gallery {
  display: flex;
  gap: 15px; /* Space between videos */
  padding: 0; /* No padding - will align with section boundary */
  padding-bottom: 15px; /* Add more space at the bottom for captions */
  box-sizing: border-box;
  width: max-content; /* Ensure it fits all videos horizontally */
  margin: 0;
}

/* Container for each individual video + caption pair */
.gallery-video-item {
  flex: 0 0 auto; /* Prevent items from shrinking/growing in the flex context */
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px; /* Space between video and caption */
}

.gallery-video {
  height: 220px;  /* Set a fixed height for all videos. Adjust this value as desired. */
  width: auto;    /* Allow width to adjust to maintain original aspect ratio */
  border-radius: 10px; /* Keep the rounded corners */
  box-sizing: border-box;
  background-color: #fff; /* White background */
  /* Add a box-shadow for the glow/shadow effect */
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

/* Individual video captions that move with each video */
.gallery-video-caption {
  font-family: 'Exo', sans-serif;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #333;
  text-align: center;
  white-space: nowrap; /* Prevent caption from wrapping */
  padding: 4px 8px;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  border-radius: 6px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

/* Styles for the navigation buttons */
.gallery-nav {
  background-color: rgba(40, 40, 40, 0.8);
  color: white;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 50%;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: bold;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
  margin: 0 5px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  line-height: 1;
  padding: 0;
  text-align: center;
}
.gallery-nav:hover {
    background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);
}

/* Container for the navigation buttons */
.gallery-nav-controls {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin-right: 15px; /* Add space between buttons and caption text */
}

/* Container to center the gallery caption and buttons */
.gallery-caption-container {
    max-width: 1150px; /* Match section width */
    margin: 15px auto 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    display: flex; /* Make it a flex container */
    align-items: center; /* Vertically center buttons and text */
}

/* On large screens, align with section titles */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .gallery-caption-container {
    margin-left: calc((100% - 1150px) / 2 + 20px);
    margin-right: auto;
  }
}

/* Specific style adjustments for the gallery caption text */
.figure-caption.gallery-caption {
    margin-bottom: 0;
    margin-top: 0;
    text-align: justify;
    flex: 1; /* Allow caption to take remaining space */
}

/* On large screens, add right margin to caption text */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .figure-caption.gallery-caption {
    margin-right: calc((100% - 1150px) / 2 + 170px);
  }
}

/* Justify align all figure captions */
.figure-caption {
    text-align: justify !important;
}

/* Responsive styles for non-gallery figure captions (Generalization #1, #4, #5, #7, #9) */
.figure-caption.non-gallery-caption {
    margin-top: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: calc(1150px - 310px);
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

/* On large screens, use the symmetric margins */
@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .figure-caption.non-gallery-caption {
    width: calc(1150px - 310px);
    margin-left: calc((100% - 1150px) / 2 + 155px);
    margin-right: calc((100% - 1150px) / 2 + 155px);
    padding: 0;
  }
}
/* --- End Video Gallery Styles --- */

/* --- Object Card Grid --- */
.object-card-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr);
  gap: 14px;
  max-width: 960px;
  margin: 20px auto 0;
  padding: 0 20px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .object-card-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 10px;
  }
}

.object-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 12px 8px;
  border: 2px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 12px;
  background: #fafafa;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.25s ease;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
}

.object-card:hover {
  transform: scale(1.05);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

.object-card.active {
  border-color: #0775F7;
  background: rgba(7, 117, 247, 0.06);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px #0775F7, 0 4px 14px rgba(7, 117, 247, 0.2);
}

.object-card span {
  font-family: 'Computer Modern Typewriter', monospace;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #444;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.object-card.active span {
  color: #0775F7;
}

/* Text-only variant: compact pill-shaped cards in a single row. */
.object-card-grid--text {
  max-width: 1200px;
  gap: 10px;
}
.object-card-grid--text .object-card {
  padding: 10px 8px;
  min-height: 44px;
  justify-content: center;
}
.object-card-grid--text .object-card span {
  font-size: 12px;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .object-card-grid--text {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr) !important;
  }
}
/* --- End Object Card Grid --- */
/* =================================================================
   PIPELINE STAGE STRIP (Whole Pipeline section)
   Three stages above the clip; the one matching the current playback
   time is highlighted, the other two stay dim.
   ================================================================= */
.pipeline-stages {
  display: flex;
  align-items: stretch;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin: 0 auto 14px;
}

.pipeline-stage {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  padding: 10px 18px;
  border: 1.5px solid #e2e2e2;
  border-radius: 10px;
  background: #fafafa;
  color: #9a9a9a;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1.2;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: color .25s ease, border-color .25s ease,
              background-color .25s ease, box-shadow .25s ease;
}

.pipeline-stage .pipeline-stage-num {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 1.65em;
  height: 1.65em;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #e2e2e2;
  color: #fff;
  font-size: .85em;
  font-weight: 700;
  transition: background-color .25s ease;
}

.pipeline-stage.is-done {
  color: #666;
  border-color: #d6d6d6;
}
.pipeline-stage.is-done .pipeline-stage-num { background: #b8b8b8; }

.pipeline-stage.is-active {
  color: #0775F7;
  border-color: #0775F7;
  background: rgba(7, 117, 247, 0.08);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(7, 117, 247, 0.18);
}
.pipeline-stage.is-active .pipeline-stage-num { background: #0775F7; }

.pipeline-stage-arrow {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  color: #c8c8c8;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  user-select: none;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .pipeline-stages { gap: 6px; }
  .pipeline-stage { padding: 8px 12px; font-size: .9rem; gap: 7px; }
  .pipeline-stage-arrow { font-size: 1rem; }
}

.pipeline-explanation p {
  text-align: left;
}

.content .method-steps {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 5.5rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  column-gap: 1rem;
  row-gap: 0.65rem;
  margin: 1rem 0 1.25rem;
  text-align: left;
}

.content .method-steps dt {
  font-weight: 700;
}

.content .method-steps dd {
  margin: 0;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .content .method-steps {
    grid-template-columns: 4.5rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    column-gap: 0.65rem;
  }
}

/* Demo spotlight: enlarge the hovered video and fade its section peers.
   The background teaser is outside .section and remains unaffected. */
@media (hover: hover) and (pointer: fine) {
  .section video {
    position: relative;
    transition: transform 280ms ease, opacity 280ms ease, box-shadow 280ms ease;
    transform-origin: center;
  }

  .section video:hover {
    transform: scale(1.06);
    z-index: 20;
    box-shadow: 0 16px 38px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.28) !important;
  }

  .section:has(video:hover) video:not(:hover):not(:fullscreen) {
    opacity: 0.45;
  }

  /* Give the scrollable gallery room for the enlarged top and bottom edges.
     Negative margins preserve its original spacing in the page. */
  .video-gallery-container {
    padding-top: 18px;
    padding-bottom: 18px;
    margin-top: -18px;
    margin-bottom: -18px;
  }

  .gallery-video-item:first-child video { transform-origin: left center; }
  .gallery-video-item:last-child video { transform-origin: right center; }

  .section video:fullscreen { transform: none; opacity: 1; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .section video { transition: none; }
  .section video:hover { transform: none; }
}